erm ... maaflah ... tukar cenel.... ni nak memaparkan tech physics

To appreciate the scale of the large TRIUMF cyclotron, note the worker, dressed in a white clean-room suit, checking the internal vacuum chamber for "wear and tear" that could inhibit the accelerating proton's path.


If you are asked how a watch works, one of the first things you might do is open one up and look at the parts inside. This is exactly what physicists have been doing to atoms for decades now. Using particle accelerators, researchers bombard atoms with tiny probes, such as protons or electrons. Modern accelerator designs generally fall into two categories-linear and circular. As their names suggest, linear accelerators, or linacs, accelerate particles along a straight path, while circular accelerators accelerate particles in a circular orbit. The prototypical circular accelerator is the cyclotron. Your computer monitor, a very simple linear accelerator, accelerates electrons from the electron source in the back to the screen in the front to energies up to 30,000 electron volts. By comparison, the world's largest cyclotron—TRIUMF—accelerates protons to energies up to 520,000,000 electron volts. At maximum energy the protons are travelling at 75% the speed of light, fast enough to take you from the earth to the moon in 2 seconds.

Microbeads immersed in liquid floated freely at first (left) but gradually formed small crystals (right, 10 days later) in an experiment aboard the Space Shuttle. Larger crystallites devour smaller ones, even early on, when they are far apart, according to work that aims to elucidate the details of crystallization.
Image courtesy of NASA and Princeton University.




The crystallization process that turns a liquid to a solid is brutally competitive, according to an analysis of experiments performed on the Space Shuttle. Researchers studied crystal-forming plastic beads immersed in liquid and found that the larger crystals cannibalize their smaller neighbors over surprisingly large distances. Experts hope the results, appearing in the 7 January print issue of PRL, will lead to a better understanding of crystallization, which is important in many industries.

This image shows the intrinsic shape of the deuteron by combining the results from three recent nuclear physics experiments.
Image courtesy of JLab



The simplest nucleus in nature is that of the hydrogen isotope, deuterium. Known as the “deuteron,” the nucleus consists of one proton and one neutron. Due to its simplicity, the deuteron is an ideal candidate for tests of our basic understanding of nuclear physics. Recently, scientists have been studying the intrinsic shape of the deuteron. Dominated by three components describing the interactions of the quark components of the neutron and proton, its shape is not spherical. Recent tests have shown no deviations in the predictions of standard nuclear physics.

Hmm..tak sempat nak baca dah mcm pening sikit..hehe...takpe edi, nanti akak baca slow-slow sikit nak bagi paham...

maaf kak hadijah lama dah tak masuk maklumlah psm tesis tuh.......

hiuh, kalu ikatan kovalen phaham le saye.

Cooll!!!

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-->> Study can be stressful when i cant arrange my time, too bad i still cant arrange myself even i know i wanna be sucess <<--